Diving beetles, cov tswv cuab ntawm tsev neeg Dytiscidae, yog cov kab dej zoo nkauj uas paub txog lawv cov tsiaj qus thiab tsiaj txhu.Cov neeg yos hav zoov yug los no muaj cov kev hloov pauv tshwj xeeb uas ua rau lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev ntes thiab noj lawv cov tsiaj txawm tias nws loj dua lawv.
Tias yog vim li cas lawv muaj nyob rau hauv lub thoob dej yug ntses, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tsev me me ntses thiab cw, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj.
Hauv tsab xov xwm no, kuv yuav piav qhia txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev, kev nyiam noj zaub mov, lub neej voj voog, thiab qhov chaw nyob ntawm Diving beetles thiab lawv cov larvae.Kuv kuj tseem yuav qhia txog cov kev pheej hmoo thiab kev txiav txim siab cuam tshuam nrog kev ua kom cov kab dhia dhia hauv cov thoob dej yug ntses, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus uas lawv yuav ua rau muaj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov ntses me thiab cov cw.
Etymology ntawm Dytiscidae
Tsev neeg lub npe "Dytiscidae" yog muab los ntawm Greek lo lus "dytikos," uas txhais tau hais tias "muaj peev xwm ua luam dej" lossis "txog rau kev dhia dej."Lub npe no zoo qhia txog cov dej hauv dej thiab muaj peev xwm ua luam dej ntawm cov kab uas nyob hauv tsev neeg no.
Lub npe "Dytiscidae" yog coined los ntawm Fabkis entomologist Pierre André Latreille nyob rau hauv 1802 thaum nws tsim tsev neeg kev faib.Latreille muaj npe nrov rau nws txoj kev koom tes tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm entomology thiab kev tsim cov kab kab niaj hnub no.
Raws li rau lawv lub npe "Diving beetles", lub npe no lawv tau txais vim lawv qhov tshwj xeeb muaj peev xwm dhia dej thiab ua luam dej hauv dej.
Evolutionary keeb kwm ntawm Diving Beetles
Diving beetles originated thaum lub sij hawm Mesozoic Era (kwv yees 252.2 lab xyoo dhau los).
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv tau dhau los ua ntau haiv neeg, ua rau muaj ntau hom tsiaj nrog ntau hom ntawm lub cev, qhov ntau thiab tsawg, thiab kev nyiam ntawm ecological.
Cov txheej txheem evolutionary no tau tso cai rau Diving beetles los tuav ntau qhov chaw nyob hauv dej tshiab thoob ntiaj teb thiab dhau los ua cov tsiaj hauv dej zoo.
Taxonomy ntawm Diving Beetles
Tus naj npawb ntawm hom yog raug mus rau kev tshawb fawb tsis tu ncua vim hais tias hom tshiab tau raug tshawb pom thiab tshaj tawm.
Tam sim no, muaj nyob ib ncig ntawm 4,200 hom Diving beetles thoob ntiaj teb.
Distribution thiab Habitat of Diving Beetles
Diving beetles muaj kev faib tawm thoob plaws.Yeej, cov kab no tuaj yeem pom nyob rau txhua lub tebchaws tshwj tsis yog Antarctica.
Cov kab dej feem ntau nyob hauv cov dej tsis tu ncua (xws li cov pas dej, cov pas dej, cov pas dej, lossis cov dej ntws qeeb), nyiam cov dej tob tob uas muaj cov nroj tsuag nplua nuj thiab cov tsiaj nplua nuj uas tuaj yeem muab zaub mov txaus.
Kev piav qhia ntawm Diving Beetles
Lub cev qauv ntawm Diving beetles yog qhov zoo rau lawv txoj kev ua neej hauv dej thiab tus cwj pwm predatory.
Lub Cev Lub Cev: Cov kab dhia dej muaj qhov elongated, flattened, thiab hydrodynamic lub cev, uas tso cai rau lawv txav mus los ntawm dej.
Loj: Qhov loj ntawm diving beetles tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm hom.Qee hom loj tuaj yeem ncav cuag li 1.5 ntiv tes (4 cm) ntev.
Xim: Cov kab dhia dej feem ntau muaj cov xim dub lossis xim av tsaus rau tsaus ntsuab lossis tooj liab lub cev.Cov xim pab lawv sib xyaw rau hauv lawv qhov chaw hauv dej.
Lub taub hau: Lub taub hau ntawm diving beetle yog qhov loj thiab tsim tau zoo.Lub qhov muag feem ntau yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab muab kev pom zoo rau saum toj thiab hauv qab dej.Lawv kuj muaj cov kav hlau txais xov ntev ntev, feem ntau yog segmented, uas lawv siv rau kev hnov lus (nrhiav kev vibrations hauv dej).
tis: dhia kab beetles muaj ob khub tis.Thaum cov beetles ua luam dej, cov tis yog khaws cia rau ntawm lawv lub cev.Lawv muaj peev xwm ya tau thiab siv lawv cov tis kom tawg mus thiab nrhiav chaw nyob tshiab.
Cov forewings tau hloov kho rau hauv cov tawv tawv, tiv thaiv npog hu ua elytra, uas pab tiv thaiv cov ilv hindwings thiab lub cev thaum cov kab tsis ya.Lub elytra feem ntau grooved los yog ridged, ntxiv rau cov kab streamlined tsos.
Cov ceg: dhia kab kab muaj 6 ceg.Lub hauv ntej thiab nruab nrab ob txhais ceg yog siv los ntes cov tsiaj nyeg thiab maneuvering hauv lawv qhov chaw.Lub hind ob txhais ceg raug hloov mus rau hauv flattened, paddle-zoo li cov qauv hu ua oar-zoo li ob txhais ceg los yog da dej ceg.Cov ceg no yog fringed nrog cov plaub hau los yog bristles uas pab txhawb nqa cov kab hauv dej yooj yim.
Nrog xws li zoo meej paddle-zoo li ob txhais ceg, cov beetle swims nrog xws li ceev uas nws muaj peev xwm sib tw nrog ntses.
Lub plab: Lub plab ntawm tus kab diving yog elongated thiab feem ntau tapers rau nram qab.Nws muaj ob peb ntu thiab lub tsev tseem ceeb hauv nruab nrog cev xws li digestive, kev ua me nyuam, thiab ua pa.
Cov qauv ua pa.Diving beetles muaj ib khub ntawm spiracles, uas yog me me qhib nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub plab mog.Cov spiracles tso cai rau lawv rho tawm cov pa tawm ntawm huab cua, uas lawv khaws cia hauv qab lawv cov elytra thiab siv ua pa thaum submerged.
Profile ntawm Diving Beetles- Monsters nyob rau hauv Cwj Pwm thiab Ntses Tanks - Cov Kab Mob Ua Pa Ua Ntej Ua ntej dhia dej hauv qab dej, cov kab dhia dhia tau ntes cov npuas huab cua hauv qab lawv elytra.Cov pa npuas no ua raws li cov khoom siv hydrostatic thiab cov pa oxygen ib ntus, tso cai rau lawv nyob hauv qab dej rau 10 - 15 feeb.
Tom qab ntawd, lawv ncua lawv ob txhais ceg kom tawg los ntawm cov dej ntawm qhov nro, tso cov cua nkag thiab tau txais cov npuas tshiab rau kev dhia dej tom ntej.
Lub neej voj voog ntawm Diving Beetles
Lub neej voj voog ntawm Diving beetles muaj 4 theem sib txawv: qe, larva, pupa, thiab neeg laus.
1. Qib Qe: Tom qab mating, poj niam diving beetles nteg lawv cov qe rau los yog ze ntawm cov nroj tsuag dej, submerged khib nyiab, los yog nyob rau hauv cov av ze ntawm ntug dej.
Nyob ntawm cov tsiaj thiab ib puag ncig, lub sijhawm incubation feem ntau kav li ntawm 7 - 30 hnub.
2. Larval Stage: Thaum lub qe tawm mus, lub diving beetle larvae tshwm.Cov larvae yog nyob rau hauv dej thiab undergo kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv dej.
Profile of Diving Beetles- Monsters in Shrimp and Fish Tanks - Diving Beetles LarvaeDiving beetle larvae feem ntau hu ua "dej tsov" vim lawv qhov hnyav thiab qhov xwm txheej.
Lawv muaj coarsely segmented elongated lub cev.Lub taub hau tiaj tus muaj rau lub qhov muag me me ntawm txhua sab thiab ob lub puab tsaig loj heev ntawm txhua sab.Zoo li tus kab laus laus, tus larva ua pa ntawm huab cua los ntawm kev nthuav tawm qhov kawg ntawm nws lub cev tawm hauv dej.
Tus cwj pwm ntawm cov larva zoo kawg nkaus phim nws cov tsos: nws txoj kev ntshaw ib leeg hauv lub neej yog mus ntes thiab noj cov tsiaj nyeg ntau npaum li sai tau.
Cov larvae nquag plob hav zoov thiab pub rau cov kab mob me me hauv dej, loj hlob thiab molting ob peb zaug thaum lawv mus txog ntau theem instar.Lub sijhawm larval tuaj yeem kav ntev li ob peb lub lis piam mus rau ob peb lub hlis, nyob ntawm hom thiab ib puag ncig.
3. Pupa Theem: Thaum tus larva ncav cuag qhov loj, nws tawm mus rau hauv av, faus nws tus kheej, thiab ua rau pupation.
Thaum lub sij hawm no, cov larvae hloov mus rau hauv lawv cov neeg laus daim ntawv nyob rau hauv ib tug tiv thaiv ntaub ntawv hu ua ib tug pupal chamber.
Lub sijhawm menyuam yaus feem ntau kav ntev li ob peb hnub mus rau ob peb lub lis piam.
4. Qib neeg laus: Thaum lub metamorphosis tiav lawm, tus neeg laus dhia dej kab tawm ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab nce mus rau hauv dej.
Nyob rau theem no, lawv tau tsim tis tag nrho thiab muaj peev xwm ya mus.Cov neeg laus diving beetles yog kev sib deev paub tab thiab npaj rau yug me nyuam.
Diving beetles tsis suav hais tias yog kab kab.Lawv tsis nthuav tawm cov kev coj cwj pwm hauv zej zog uas pom hauv qee pawg kab, xws li ntsaum los yog muv.Hloov chaw, diving beetles feem ntau yog cov tsiaj nyob ib leeg, tsom mus rau lawv tus kheej txoj sia nyob thiab kev yug me nyuam.
Lub neej ntawm diving beetles tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm hom thiab ib puag ncig ib puag ncig thiab feem ntau yog li ntawm 1 - 4 xyoos.
Reproduction ntawm Diving Beetles
Profile ntawm Diving Beetles- Monsters nyob rau hauv Shrimp thiab Fish Tanks matingThe mating tus cwj pwm thiab cov tswv yim kev loj hlob tuaj yeem sib txawv me ntsis ntawm ntau hom diving beetles, tab sis cov txheej txheem dav dav suav nrog cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:
1. Kev sib hais plaub: Hauv cov kab dhia dhia dej, feem ntau tsis muaj kev sib tham.
2. Copulation: Hauv ntau cov kab dhia dhia dej, cov txiv neej tau tshwj xeeb tuav cov qauv (suction khob) ntawm lawv ob txhais ceg pem hauv ntej siv los txuas rau sab nraum qab ntawm cov poj niam thaum mating.
Nthuav qhov tseeb: Qee zaum cov txiv neej tuaj yeem mob siab rau ua phooj ywg nrog poj niam, tias cov poj niam tuaj yeem poob dej vim cov txiv neej nyob saum toj thiab muaj kev nkag mus rau oxygen thaum poj niam tsis muaj.
3. Fertilization.Tus txiv neej hloov cov phev mus rau poj niam los ntawm lub cev xeeb tub hu ua aedeagus.Tus poj niam khaws cov phev rau tom qab fertilization.
4. Oviposition: Tom qab mating, tus poj niam dhia dej kab feem ntau txuas lawv mus rau cov nroj tsuag submerged los yog tso lawv cov qe rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov nroj tsuag hauv qab dej los ntawm kev txiav lawv qhib nrog lawv cov ovipositor.Koj tuaj yeem pom cov cim daj me me ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg.
Qhov nruab nrab, poj niam dhia dej beetles tuaj yeem pw qhov twg los ntawm ob peb lub kaum rau ob peb puas qe thaum lub caij yug me nyuam.Cov qe yog elongated thiab kuj loj loj (txog 0.2 ntiv tes los yog 7 hli).
Diving Beetles noj dab tsi?
Profile of Diving Beetles- Monsters in Cw thiab Fish Tanks - noj qav, ntses thiab newtsDiving beetles yog cov tsiaj nyeg tsiaj uas feem ntau pub rau ntau yam kab mob nyob hauv dej xws li:
kab me me,
kab larvae (xws li dragonfly nymphs, lossis txawm dhia beetle larvae),
worms,
qwj,
tadpoles,
me crustaceans,
ntses me me,
thiab txawm me me amphibians (newts, qav, thiab lwm yam).
Lawv tau paub tias muaj qee qhov kev coj tus cwj pwm pov tseg, pub rau cov organic teeb meem los yog carrion.Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm zaub mov tsis txaus, lawv kuj yuav pom tus cwj pwm cannibalistic.Cov kab loj dua yuav ua rau cov neeg me.
Nco tseg: Tau kawg, qhov tshwj xeeb nyiam zaub mov ntawm Diving beetles txawv nyob ntawm hom thiab lawv qhov loj me.Hauv txhua hom, lawv tuaj yeem haus cov tsiaj nyeg loj ntawm lawv lub cev.
Cov kab no paub txog lawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab lawv lub peev xwm los ntes cov tsiaj nyob hauv dej thiab hauv qab dej.Lawv yog cov neeg yos hav zoov siv sijhawm, siv lawv lub zeem muag zoo thiab muaj peev xwm ua luam dej zoo heev los taug qab thiab ntes lawv cov tsiaj.
Diving beetles yog cov neeg yos hav zoov nquag.Lawv feem ntau nthuav tawm tus cwj pwm ua phem los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav thiab nrhiav lawv cov tsiaj es tsis tos kom nws tuaj rau lawv.
Cov kab no yog cov neeg txawj ntse thiab muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig dej.
Lawv lub peev xwm ua luam dej nrawm thiab hloov cov kev taw qhia sai ua rau lawv nquag caum thiab txeeb lawv cov tsiaj nrog qhov tseeb.
Dab tsi yog Diving Beetles Larvae noj?
Diving beetle larvae yog carnivorous predators.Lawv paub txog lawv tus cwj pwm noj zaub mov nruj heev thiab.
Txawm hais tias lawv tseem muaj kev noj zaub mov dav dav thiab tuaj yeem noj ntau yam tsiaj txhu, lawv nyiam worms, leeches, tadpoles, thiab lwm yam tsiaj uas tsis muaj zog exoskeletons.
Qhov no yog vim lawv cov qauv anatomical.Diving beetle larvae feem ntau muaj qhov qhib qhov ncauj thiab siv cov kab hauv lawv qhov loj (zoo li tus kab mob) mandibles los txhaj cov enzymes digestive rau hauv cov tsiaj txhu.Enzymes sai tuag tes tuag taw thiab tua tus neeg raug tsim txom.
Yog li ntawd, thaum pub mis, tus menyuam mos tsis haus nws cov tsiaj txhu, tab sis tseem nqus cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo.Nws lub puab tsaig zoo li lub puab tsaig ua raws li lub tshuab nqus tsev, uas muaj qhov sib sib zog nqus raws ntug sab hauv, uas ua haujlwm rau cov khoom noj ua kua rau hauv txoj hnyuv.
Tsis zoo li lawv niam lawv txiv, Diving beetle larvae yog cov neeg yos hav zoov passive thiab cia siab rau stealth.Lawv muaj lub zeem muag zoo heev thiab muaj kev nkag siab zoo rau kev txav hauv dej.
Thaum ib tug Diving beetle larva pom cov tsiaj txhu, nws yuav khiav mus rau nws kom ntes nws nrog nws cov mandibles loj.
Puas muaj kev nyab xeeb kom muaj cov kab dhia dhia lossis lawv cov larvae hauv cw lossis ntses tank?
Cub tank.Tsis yog, tsis muaj txhais tau tias nws muaj kev nyab xeeb kom muaj cov kab dhia dhia lossis lawv cov larvae hauv cov cw tank.Lub sijhawm.
Nws yuav txaus ntshai heev thiab ntxhov siab rau cov cw.Diving beetles yog cov tsiaj nyeg thiab yuav saib cov cw thiab txawm tias cov neeg laus cw ua cov tsiaj txhu.
Cov dab dej no muaj lub puab tsaig muaj zog thiab tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov cw hauv vib nas this yooj yim.Yog li ntawd, nws tsis pom zoo kom khaws cov kab thiab cov cw ua ke hauv tib lub tank.
Ntses tank.Diving beetle thiab lawv cov larvae tuaj yeem tua cov ntses loj.Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej, ob tus neeg laus kab thiab larvae ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom cov ntses ntses los ntawm preying ntawm ntau yam ntses kib.
Yog li, muab lawv tso rau hauv lub tank ntses kuj tuaj yeem ua qhov tsis zoo.Tshwj tsis yog tias koj muaj ntses loj tiag tiag thiab tsis txhob yug lawv.
Yuav ua li cas dhia Beetles mus rau hauv Aquariums?
Diving beetles tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub thoob dej yug ntses hauv 2 txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb:
Tsis muaj lub hau: dhia beetles tuaj yeem ya tau zoo heev.Yog li, yog tias koj lub qhov rais tsis raug kaw thiab koj lub thoob dej yug ntses tsis tau them, lawv tuaj yeem ya mus rau hauv lub tank los ntawm ib puag ncig ib puag ncig.
Cov Nroj Tsuag Dej: Kev dhia dej beetles qe tuaj yeem hitchhike rau hauv koj lub thoob dej yug ntses ntawm cov nroj tsuag dej.Thaum ntxiv cov nroj tsuag tshiab lossis kho kom zoo nkauj rau koj lub tank, ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas thiab cais lawv kom pom cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob cab.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Tshem Tawm Lawv Hauv Aquarium?
Hmoov tsis, tsis muaj ntau txoj hauv kev zoo.Diving beetles thiab lawv cov larvae yog cov tsiaj zoo nkauj thiab tuaj yeem zam tau yuav luag txhua yam kev kho mob.
Kev tshem tawm ntawm phau ntawv: Ua tib zoo saib lub thoob dej yug ntses thiab tshem tawm cov kab nuv ntses uas siv lub vas ntses.
Npuag: dhia beetles zoo li nqaij.Muab ib lub tais ntiav nrog lub teeb ci nyob ze ntawm qhov chaw dej thaum hmo ntuj.Cov kab no tau kos rau lub teeb thiab tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke hauv lub tais, ua kom yooj yim tshem tawm lawv.
Predatory ntses: Qhia cov ntses predatory uas ib txwm pub rau kab.Txawm li cas los xij, cov dab dej hauv dej no kuj muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo ntawm no thiab.
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas muaj kev phom sij, Diving beetles tso cov kua dej dawb (zoo li mis nyuj) los ntawm lawv lub hauv siab phaj.Cov kua no muaj corrosive heev.Yog li ntawd, ntau hom ntses tsis pom lawv palatable thiab zam lawv.
Puas yog Diving Beetles lossis Lawv Larvae Poisonous?
Tsis yog, lawv tsis lom.
Diving beetles tsis ua phem rau tib neeg thiab feem ntau zam kev sib cuag tshwj tsis yog lawv xav tias raug hem.Yog li, yog tias koj sim ntes lawv, lawv tuaj yeem teb kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kev tom raws li kev ua haujlwm reflex.
Vim lawv cov mandibles muaj zog, uas yog haum rau tho lawv prey's exoskeletons, lawv tom yog mob heev.Nws tuaj yeem ua rau thaj tsam o lossis khaus khaus.
Nyob rau hauv xaus
Diving beetles feem ntau yog cov kab dej hauv dej, siv lawv lub neej feem ntau hauv dej.Lawv ua tau zoo rau kev ua neej nyob hauv dej thiab yog cov neeg ua luam dej zoo heev.
Diving beetles thiab lawv larvae yog innate ferocious predators.Kev yos hav zoov yog qhov haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lawv lub neej.
Lawv cov kev xav uas xav tau, ua ke nrog lawv qhov tshwj xeeb anatomical nta, pab kom lawv nrhiav thiab ntes tau ntau yam tsiaj txhu xws li cws, kib, ntses me me, thiab txawm tias qwj.
Post lub sij hawm: Sep-06-2023